Copyright © 2005, The European Society of Cardiology
Hazards of percutaneous PFO closure
aAdult Congenital Heart Disease Program, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, University Hospital Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
bAdult Congenital Cardiology Clinic, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Received 21 September 2005; .
markus.schwerzmann@insel.ch
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +41 31 632 96 54; fax: +41 31 432 42 99.
| The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below. |
Please see the article by Christen et al. (doi: 10.1016/j.euje.2005.08.002) to which this editorial pertains.
In 2004, an estimated 2000–3000 patients underwent percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Given the range of potential indications (such as prevention of cryptogenic stroke, decompression illness in divers, platypnea–orthodeoxia syndrome, and migraine headaches) and the perception of PFO closure being an easy and safe procedure,1 the number of patients with percutaneously implanted PFO closure devices will continue to grow.
The first attempt to percutaneously close an interatrial defect was undertaken in 1974 and reported by King and colleagues in 1976.2 In the following years, several different devices were developed and re-modified to facilitate this
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