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European Journal of Echocardiography Advance Access originally published online on March 26, 2009
European Journal of Echocardiography 2009 10(4):467-476; doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jep023
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Role of echocardiography in toxic heart valvulopathy

Steven Droogmans1,2, Dirk Kerkhove1, Bernard Cosyns1,2 and Guy Van Camp1,2,*

1 Cardiology Department, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Jette, Belgium
2 In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium

Received 6 February 2009; accepted after revision 1 March 2009; online publish-ahead-of-print 26 March 2009.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +32 24776009; fax: +32 24776851. E-mail address: guy.vancamp{at}uzbrussel.be


  Abstract

The notion that drugs can induce valvular heart disease (VHD) has occurred since the 1960s and has received a lot of attention in recent years. This review focuses on different aspects of this distinct valvulopathy in seven sections: (i) historical background, (ii) drug-induced VHD, is this a real entity?, (iii) its morphological and echocardiographic features, (iv) drugs associated with VHD, (v) the influence of cumulative drug dose and risk factors, (vi) the natural course of toxic valvulopathy, and (vii) practical recommendations when using potential valvulopathic drugs.

Keywords: Echocardiography; Toxic valvulopathy; Anorexigens; Ergot-derived dopamine agonists; Amphetamines


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