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European Journal of Echocardiography Advance Access published online on October 4, 2009
European Journal of Echocardiography, doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jep148
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Mitral valve disease as well as uncommon extensive epipericardial and intramyocardial calcification secondary to massive mitral annular calcification

T. Butz*, M. van Bracht, A. Meissner, G. Plehn, A. Bittlinsky, P. Maagh, H. Yeni and H.J. Trappe

Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Marienhospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Hoelkeskampring 40, D-44625 Herne, Germany

Received 14 March 2009; accepted after revision 6 September 2009.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +49 2323 499 0; fax: +49 2323 499 360. E-mail address: thomas.butz{at}marienhospital-herne.de


  Abstract

A 71-year-old woman with a history of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis was admitted to our hospital for exertional dyspnoea (NYHA functional class II). Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography demonstrated moderate to severe mixed mitral valve disease due to massive mitral annular calcification (MAC) and extensive infiltrative calcification of the atrioventricular groove. In addition, a very uncommon intramyocardial calcification of the ventricular septum and the lateral free wall was diagnosed. This case demonstrates a rare combination of mitral valve disease secondary to MAC, and a small hypertrophied left ventricle, as well as epipericardial and myocardial calcification likely due either to the massive MAC with myocardial extension or to former tuberculous perimyocarditis. The multidimensional imaging approach, which has been used in this particularly case, provided an excellent visualization and clinical evaluation of this rare finding.

Keywords: Mitral valve disease; Mitral annular calcification; Tuberculous myocarditis; Tuberculous constrictive pericarditis; Mitral valve stenosis; Mitral regurgitation; Constrictive pericarditis


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