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European Journal of Echocardiography 2006 7(5):373-378; doi:10.1016/j.euje.2005.10.006
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Copyright © 2005, The European Society of Cardiology

Baseline echocardiographic characteristics of heart failure patients enrolled in a large European multicentre trial (CArdiac REsynchronisation Heart Failure study)

Stefano Ghioa,*, Nick Freemantleb, Alessandra Serioa, Giulia Magrinia, Laura Scelsia, Michele Pasottia, John G.F. Clelandc and Luigi Tavazzia

aDivision of Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University Hospital, Pavia, Italy
bDepartment of Primary Care and General Practice, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
cDepartment of Cardiology, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK

Received 21 June 2005; received in revised form 10 October 2005; accepted after revision 20 October 2005.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 382 503 718. echolab{at}smatteo.pv.it


  Abstract

Aims Information on the prevalence and clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic inter-relationships of mechanical dyssynchrony among patients with heart failure (HF) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction derives mainly from relatively small studies. The CARE-HF trial provides the opportunity to address these issues in a large population of patients with advanced HF.

Methods and results The CARE-HF trial enrolled patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV HF, with a QRS duration ≥120ms, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) ≤35% and LV end diastolic diameter ≥30mm/m (height in m). Patients underwent a thorough echocardiographic evaluation, which included assessment of LV structure, systolic function, mitral inflow pattern, right ventricular (RV) dimensions and function, and interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD) as an index of interventricular dyssynchrony. Echocardiographic measurements were made in a Core Laboratory to ensure consistent quantitative analysis.

Of the 813 patients enrolled, 735 had a baseline echocardiographic examination suitable for measurement. Overall patients had advanced LV dysfunction (mean EF 25.5%) but few had a restrictive mitral filling pattern (18%) and both the mean RV diameter and RV function were within normal limits. Interventricular dyssynchrony defined as IVMD >40ms was present in 455 patients (62%). Clinical, electrocardiographic and standard echocardiographic variables were only loosely associated with IVMD.

Conclusions Interventricular dyssynchrony appears to be an independent characteristic of patients with advanced HF, and is poorly related to clinical, electrocardiographic or standard echocardiographic variable.

Keywords: Resynchronisation; Heart failure; Echocardiography


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