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European Journal of Echocardiography 2005 6(4):301-307; doi:10.1016/j.euje.2004.11.009
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Copyright © 2004, The European Society of Cardiology

Cardiac hypertrophy and how it may break an athlete's heart – the Cypriot case

C.E. Cheea,1, C.P. Anastassiadesa,1, A.G. Antonopoulosb, A.A. Petsasb and L.C. Anastassiadesb,*

aDepartment of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Mortimer Street, London W1T 3AA, United Kingdom
bCardiovascular Diagnostic Centre, 1, Thassou Street, 1087 Nicosia, Cyprus

Received 16 March 2004; received in revised form 7 November 2004; accepted after revision 22 November 2004.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +35722 760948; fax: +35722 760087. E-mail: anast@spidernet.com.cy


  Abstract

Aims This is a case report of an athlete whose professional football career was transiently terminated because of the presumed diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Methods and results The diagnosis was based on electrocardiographic repolarisation changes. The ECGs, treadmill exercise tests (Bruce protocol) and echo examinations at the time of his active training and several years after termination of his professional career are discussed. No hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was documented by ultrasound examination.

Conclusions The distinction between physiological athlete's heart and pathological conditions has critical implications for professional athletes. Criteria and guidelines for screening of athletes in competitive sports are recommended.

Keywords: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Athlete's heart; Athletic heart syndrome; Repolarisation; Apical cardiomyopathy; M-mode and 2D-echocardiography

1 Medical students at the Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK, on elective rotation at the Cardiovascular Diagnostic Centre, Nicosia, Cyprus.


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