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European Journal of Echocardiography Advance Access originally published online on August 30, 2009
European Journal of Echocardiography 2009 10(8):941-946; doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jep103
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Gender differences in systolic tissue velocity: role of left ventricular length

David J. Holland1,2, James E. Sharman1,2, Rodel L. Leano1 and Thomas H. Marwick1,*

1 Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
2 School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Received 3 July 2009; accepted after revision 4 August 2009; online publish-ahead-of-print 30 August 2009.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +61 7 3240 5340; fax: +61 7 3240 5399. E-mail address: t.marwick{at}uq.edu.au


  Abstract

Aims: Previous research has described differences in left ventricular (LV) systolic tissue velocity between genders. This study aimed to determine the association between LV tissue velocity and LV size in healthy controls and in those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods and results: LV tissue velocities were measured in 71 controls and 222 patients with T2DM by pulsed-wave Doppler and colour-coded tissue Doppler (TDI) during systole (S' and Sm) and diastole (early, E' and Em, and late, A' and Am) at the basal septum and lateral wall. Both systolic tissue velocities were higher in males than in females within controls (S': 7.3 ± 1.2 vs. 6.6 ± 1.0 cm/s; P = 0.017, Sm: 6.2 ± 1.0 vs. 5.5 ± 0.7 cm/s; P = 0.002) but only by colour-coded TDI in patients with T2DM (Sm: 5.7 ± 1.7 vs. 4.9 ± 1.7 cm/s; P = 0.025). Correction for LV length negated the difference between genders in the controls and patients with T2DM (P > 0.05 for all). In controls, LV length was the strongest predictor of S' (β = 0.393, P = 0.002), whereas height was the strongest predictor of Sm (β = 0.394, P = 0.003).

Conclusion: In controls, systolic tissue velocities are significantly higher in males compared with females, which may be explained by the increased chamber size of men.

Keywords: Tissue Doppler imaging; Tissue velocity; Gender; Echocardiography; Left ventricular length


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